Products & Specifications

Fuels, specialty petroleum products, LPG, polymers and petrochemicals sourced from Gulf, Indian and Asian refiners and producers — delivered FOB Hamriyah / Fujairah or CFR / CIF to your port, with independent inspection at load and discharge.

Chemistry Gasoil / Diesel Polymers Gasoline Fuel Oil Bitumen Base Oils LPG Petrochemicals
Hydrocarbon basics

The chemistry behind the barrel

Every product we trade is a cut of the same crude-oil molecule family, separated by boiling point in the refinery's distillation column and upgraded by cracking, reforming and hydrotreating. Lighter molecules with fewer carbon atoms boil first.

Alkanes (paraffins)CnH2n+2Straight or branched chains. Clean-burning; branched = high octane, straight = high cetane.
Cycloalkanes (naphthenes)CnH2nSaturated rings; good density and cold-flow.
Alkenes (olefins)CnH2nOne C=C double bond; made by cracking, the feed for polymers.
AromaticsC6H6 ringBenzene-ring structures; high octane and energy density, limited for soot.
Refinery distillation cutsCarbon number · boiling range · what Sunara trades
FractionCarbon atomsBoiling rangeTypical formulaProduct
Refinery gas / LPGC1 – C4< 30 °CC3H8, C4H10LPG
Light naphtha / gasolineC4 – C1230 – 210 °C≈ C8H18Gasoline; naphtha to crackers → Polymers, Petrochemicals
KeroseneC8 – C16150 – 290 °C≈ C12H23Kerosene / jet fuel (on request)
Gasoil / dieselC10 – C22180 – 360 °C≈ C12H23 – C16H34Gasoil / Diesel
Vacuum gas oilC20 – C50350 – 600 °CC20H42 – C50H102Base oils, FCC feed
ResidueC20 – C70+> 350 °C (atm.) / > 550 °C (vac.)≈ CH1.5, asphaltenesFuel oil, Bitumen

Formulas shown are representative averages; petroleum products are blends of hundreds of molecules and are defined commercially by test specifications (ASTM / ISO / EN), not by a single formula. Chemistry notes below each product are for general understanding.

Gasoil / Diesel

Our core product. Automotive and industrial gasoil for distributors, fleets, power producers, mining and construction — sourced from Gulf and Indian refiners on term and spot basis.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
C10H22 – C22H46  (average ≈ C12H23; reference cetane n-hexadecane C16H34)
Composition
Middle-distillate hydrocarbon blend, boiling range 180–360 °C: ~75 % saturated hydrocarbons (n- and iso-paraffins, naphthenes/cycloalkanes) and ~25 % aromatics. Sulphur present as thiophenes and benzothiophenes — hydro-desulphurisation (HDS) removes it to 10 / 50 / 500 ppm. Carbon-to-hydrogen mass ratio ≈ 86 : 14.
Key properties
Net calorific value ≈ 42.6–43.0 MJ/kg · Density 0.82–0.845 kg/l · Cetane number 46–55 (auto-ignition quality; higher for straight-chain paraffins) · Flash point ≥ 60 °C · Kinematic viscosity 2–4.5 cSt at 40 °C · Cold-flow: cloud point and CFPP set by n-paraffin wax content.
Reaction / process
C12H23 + 17.75 O2 → 12 CO2 + 11.5 H2O  (+ ~43 MJ/kg) — compression-ignition: air is compressed to ~20:1, fuel auto-ignites on injection.
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Gasoil 10 ppm (EN 590 / ultra-low sulphur)
  • Gasoil 50 ppm
  • Gasoil 500 ppm
  • Gasoil 5,000 ppm (industrial / power)
  • Marine gasoil (MGO) DMA
Typical spec
Density 0.82–0.845 kg/l at 15 °C · Cetane index ≥ 46 (≥ 51 for 10 ppm) · Flash point ≥ 60 °C · Water ≤ 200 ppm · Cloud / pour point to destination requirement. Full COQ per cargo.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by product tanker (MR / LR1) or coastal vessel; ISO tanks and road tankers for inland and small-parcel supply.
Key markets
GCC, East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique), West Africa, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives.
Terms
FOB Hamriyah / Fujairah · CFR / CIF destination · 2,000 – 40,000 MT parcels · Pricing against Platts Arab Gulf assessments.
Industry use
Road transport and fleets · Diesel generators and grid back-up power · Mining and construction plant · Agriculture (tractors, pumps) · Rail · Marine (as MGO / DMA) · Industrial boilers and heating.
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Polymers

Polyolefin and PVC resins from Gulf and Asian producers for converters and manufacturers — film, pipe, packaging, woven sacks and moulded goods.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
PE (C2H4)n · PP (C3H6)n · PVC (C2H3Cl)n · Plasticiser DOTP C24H38O4
Composition
Polyethylene: ethylene from steam crackers polymerised over Ziegler-Natta, chromium or metallocene catalysts into chains of 103–105 monomer units. Branching sets the grade — LDPE (long branches, low density, clear and flexible), LLDPE (short controlled branches, tough film), HDPE (linear, crystalline, stiff). Polypropylene: propylene polymerised isotactically; homopolymer is stiff, copolymers with ethylene add impact strength. PVC: vinyl chloride monomer (from ethylene + chlorine from brine electrolysis) polymerised in suspension; K-value 57–70 indicates molecular weight; rigid as is, flexible with 20–40 % plasticiser.
Key properties
HDPE density 0.941–0.965 g/cm³, melting point 130–135 °C · LLDPE / LDPE density 0.915–0.925 g/cm³, melting 105–125 °C · PP density 0.90 g/cm³, melting 160–170 °C, highest stiffness-to-weight of the polyolefins · PVC density 1.38 g/cm³, Tg ≈ 82 °C, inherently flame-retardant · MFI (g/10 min) ranges from 0.05 (pipe / blow-moulding) to 20+ (injection).
Reaction / process
n CH2=CH2 → (–CH2–CH2–)n  |  n CH2=CH–CH3 → (–CH2–CH(CH3)–)n  |  n CH2=CHCl → (–CH2–CHCl–)n — addition polymerisation: the C=C double bond opens and links monomers into a long saturated chain.
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • LLDPE — butene and hexene film grades (0.918–0.922 g/cm³)
  • LDPE — film, lamination and coating grades
  • HDPE — film, blow-moulding, injection and PE100 pipe grades
  • PP homopolymer — raffia, injection, BOPP film, fibre
  • PP copolymer — impact and random copolymers
  • PVC suspension resin K 57 – K 70; plasticisers DOP / DOTP
Typical spec
Melt flow index, density and K-value per grade; prime, near-prime and off-grade lots clearly identified. Producer datasheet and Certificate of Analysis with every lot.
Packing & delivery
25 kg bags on pallets, 20 ft FCL (typically 24.75 MT); jumbo bags for off-grade; plasticisers in ISO tanks or drums.
Key markets
East Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Vietnam, GCC.
Terms
FOB Jebel Ali / producer loadports · CFR / CIF · Containers (FCL), spot and monthly volumes.
Industry use
Packaging films, carrier bags and shrink wrap (LDPE / LLDPE) · Bottles, jerry cans, crates, water and gas pipes (HDPE) · Woven sacks, FIBC, BOPP film, automotive parts, appliances, furniture (PP) · Pipes and fittings, cables, window profiles, flooring, roofing membranes (PVC) · Medical and hygiene products, fibres and nonwovens.
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Gasoline

Motor gasoline for oil marketing companies, distributors and retailers in markets that import finished grades.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
C4H10 – C12H26  (average ≈ C8H18; reference iso-octane 2,2,4-trimethylpentane)
Composition
Light distillate blend, boiling range 30–210 °C, built from refinery streams: reformate (aromatic, high octane), FCC naphtha (olefinic), alkylate (branched paraffins), isomerate and butane. Typical: paraffins 40–60 %, olefins 5–20 %, naphthenes 5–10 %, aromatics 20–35 % (benzene ≤ 1 % in Euro grades). Oxygenates may be added: MTBE (C5H12O) or ethanol (C2H5OH).
Key properties
Research Octane Number 91 / 92 / 95 (resistance to knock — branched and aromatic molecules score high, straight-chain paraffins low) · Reid vapour pressure 45–90 kPa tuned to season · Density 0.72–0.775 kg/l · Net calorific value ≈ 43.5 MJ/kg · Sulphur 10–500 ppm depending on grade.
Reaction / process
2 C8H18 + 25 O2 → 16 CO2 + 18 H2O — spark-ignition: a pre-mixed fuel–air charge is ignited by the spark plug; octane rating prevents premature auto-ignition (knock).
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Gasoline 91 RON
  • Gasoline 92 RON (regular)
  • Gasoline 95 RON (premium)
  • Euro 4 / Euro 5 specification on request
  • Blend components: reformate, alkylate, MTBE
Typical spec
RON as per grade · RVP to destination season · Sulphur 10–500 ppm as required · Benzene ≤ 1 % (Euro grades) · Oxygenate content declared. Colour dosing on request.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by MR tanker; coastal / small parcels from Hamriyah.
Key markets
East & West Africa, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Yemen, GCC.
Terms
FOB Hamriyah / Fujairah · CFR / CIF · 5,000 – 35,000 MT · Platts-linked or fixed pricing.
Industry use
Passenger vehicles and motorcycles · Light commercial vehicles · Small engines (generators, pumps, outboard motors) · Blending components for gasoline pool balancing at import terminals.
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Fuel Oil

Residual fuels for power stations, industrial boilers, cement plants and marine bunkering, including low-sulphur grades for IMO 2020 compliance.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
C20H42 and heavier, up to C70+  (empirical ≈ CH1.5; C : H mass ratio ≈ 87 : 11)
Composition
Residual fuel: atmospheric / vacuum residue blended with cutter stock (gasoil or cycle oil) to a target viscosity. Contains long-chain paraffins, polycyclic aromatics, resins and asphaltenes (high-molecular-weight aromatic sheets that carry most of the sulphur, nitrogen, vanadium and nickel). Sulphur 0.5 % (VLSFO) or up to 3.5 % (HSFO); water and sediment limited to 0.5 %.
Key properties
Kinematic viscosity 180 or 380 cSt at 50 °C (must be heated to 110–150 °C for atomisation) · Density up to 0.991 kg/l · Net calorific value ≈ 40–41 MJ/kg · Flash point ≥ 60 °C · Pour point up to 30 °C · Micro-carbon residue and Al + Si (catalyst fines) limited for engine wear.
Reaction / process
C20H42 + 30.5 O2 → 20 CO2 + 21 H2O; sulphur burns to SO2, which is why IMO 2020 caps marine fuel at 0.5 % S (or requires exhaust scrubbers).
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Fuel oil 180 cst
  • Fuel oil 380 cst
  • VLSFO 0.5 % S (ISO 8217 RMG 380)
  • HSFO 3.5 % S
  • Cutter stock / blending components
Typical spec
Viscosity per grade at 50 °C · Sulphur 0.5 % or 3.5 % · Density ≤ 0.991 kg/l · Water ≤ 0.5 % · Flash point ≥ 60 °C · Al+Si ≤ 60 mg/kg. ISO 8217 test report with each cargo.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by product / dirty tanker; barge delivery for bunkering.
Key markets
East Africa, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Yemen, Sudan; bunkering in the UAE and Red Sea.
Terms
FOB Hamriyah / Fujairah · CFR / CIF · 5,000 – 40,000 MT.
Industry use
Thermal power stations and IPPs · Marine bunkers for 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines · Cement and lime kilns · Industrial steam boilers · Asphalt plants and process heaters · Feedstock for further refining (coking, visbreaking).
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Bitumen

Paving and industrial bitumen for road contractors, asphalt plants and waterproofing manufacturers, in bulk and packed form.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
Complex mixture, molecular weight 500 – 5,000+ g/mol; approx. C 80–88 %, H 8–12 %, S 0–6 %, N < 1 %, O < 1.5 %
Composition
Vacuum residue from crude distillation, described by SARA fractions: Saturates 5–20 % (waxy paraffins), Aromatics 40–65 % (naphthene-aromatic oils), Resins 15–25 % (polar, disperse the asphaltenes) and Asphaltenes 5–20 % (large polyaromatic sheets, n-heptane-insoluble). Behaves as a colloid — asphaltene micelles in an oily maltene phase — which is what makes it viscoelastic.
Key properties
Penetration 40–150 dmm at 25 °C (hardness) · Softening point 45–60 °C (ring & ball) · Ductility > 100 cm · Flash point > 230 °C · Density 1.01–1.06 kg/l · Solubility in trichloroethylene ≥ 99 % · Handling temperature 150–170 °C. PMB grades add SBS elastomer (3–5 %) for rutting and fatigue resistance.
Reaction / process
Oxidised (blown) grades are made by passing air through hot bitumen at 240–300 °C, cross-linking aromatics to raise softening point and reduce temperature susceptibility (e.g. 85/25, 115/15 for roofing).
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Penetration grades 40/50, 60/70, 80/100, 100/150
  • Viscosity grades VG-10, VG-30, VG-40
  • Performance grades PG 64-22, PG 70-10, PG 76-10
  • Polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) and emulsions on request
  • Oxidised bitumen 85/25, 90/40, 115/15
Typical spec
Penetration, softening point, ductility, flash point and solubility to ASTM D946 / EN 12591 / BS 3690 as per grade. Third-party COQ at loading.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by bitumen tanker (heated) · New steel drums 150 / 180 kg · Bitutainers 20–25 MT · Jumbo bags for oxidised grades.
Key markets
East & West Africa, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, GCC, Iraq.
Terms
FOB Hamriyah / Jebel Ali · CFR / CIF · Bulk 3,000 – 10,000 MT; packed in 20 ft containers (drums / bitutainers).
Industry use
Road construction — hot-mix asphalt binder (≈ 5 % of the mix) · Airport runways and ports · Roofing membranes and shingles · Waterproofing and damp-proof courses · Pipe coatings · Emulsions for surface dressing and cold-mix repair.
Enquire about Bitumen

Base Oils

Base oils and process oils for lubricant blenders, grease manufacturers and rubber / chemical processors.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
C20H42 – C50H102  (iso-paraffinic and naphthenic; boiling range 300–600 °C)
Composition
Lubricant base stocks from vacuum gas oil. Group I — solvent-refined: < 90 % saturates, sulphur > 0.03 %, VI 80–120. Group II — hydrotreated: ≥ 90 % saturates, S ≤ 0.03 %, VI 80–120, water-white. Group III — hydrocracked / hydro-isomerised: ≥ 90 % saturates, VI ≥ 120, near-synthetic performance. Aromatics and polar species are removed to improve oxidation stability; wax is removed (dewaxing) or isomerised to set the pour point.
Key properties
Kinematic viscosity: SN 150 ≈ 30 cSt, SN 500 ≈ 95 cSt, BS 150 ≈ 500 cSt at 40 °C · Viscosity index 95–130 (how little viscosity changes with temperature) · Pour point −9 to −18 °C · Flash point 200–260 °C · Colour ASTM ≤ 1.5 (Group II/III water-white) · Noack volatility ≤ 15 % for Group III.
Reaction / process
Group II/III hydroprocessing: aromatics + H2 → naphthenes; ring-opening and isomerisation over Ni-Mo / Pt catalysts at 350–400 °C and 100–200 bar remove S, N and unsaturates that would otherwise oxidise into sludge and acids in service.
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Group I: SN 150, SN 500, BS 150
  • Group II: N 70, N 150, N 500 (60N / 150N / 500N)
  • Group III: 4 cst, 6 cst, 8 cst
  • Process oils, rubber process oil (RPO), transformer oil base stock
  • Recycled / re-refined base oil (RRBO) on request
Typical spec
Kinematic viscosity at 40 / 100 °C, viscosity index, flash point, pour point, colour (ASTM D1500), sulphur and saturates as per group. Producer COA with every lot.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by chemical / product tanker · Flexitanks (20–22 MT) · New 208 l steel drums · IBC 1,000 l.
Key markets
GCC, East Africa, Egypt, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Vietnam.
Terms
FOB Hamriyah / Fujairah · CFR / CIF · Bulk 1,000 – 5,000 MT; packed by container.
Industry use
Engine oils (typically 75–90 % base oil + additive package) · Hydraulic and gear oils · Greases (base oil thickened with lithium/calcium soaps) · Transformer and turbine oils · Metalworking and rubber process oils · White oils after further refining.
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LPG

Propane, butane and mixed LPG for cylinder distributors, autogas retailers, industrial users and utilities — with a focus on the small-parcel sizes emerging markets actually need.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
Propane C3H8 · n-Butane C4H10 · Isobutane (CH3)3CH · minor propene C3H6 and butenes C4H8
Composition
Light alkanes recovered from natural-gas processing and from refinery cracking / reforming units. Gas at ambient pressure, liquefied at modest pressure (propane ≈ 8.5 bar at 20 °C; butane ≈ 2 bar) — 1 litre of liquid gives ~250 litres of gas. Mixed grades (e.g. 70:30 propane : butane) balance winter vaporisation against cylinder pressure. Odorised with ethyl mercaptan (C2H5SH) at ~20 ppm for leak detection.
Key properties
Net calorific value ≈ 46 MJ/kg (propane 46.4, butane 45.7) · Liquid density 0.51 (propane) – 0.58 (butane) kg/l · Boiling point −42 °C (propane) / −0.5 °C (butane) · Vapour pressure at 37.8 °C ≤ 1,430 kPa · Flammable range 2–10 % in air · Very clean burning: no soot, negligible sulphur and particulates.
Reaction / process
C3H8 + 5 O2 → 3 CO2 + 4 H2O   |   2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO2 + 10 H2O. Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) C3H8 → C3H6 + H2 is also a major route to polypropylene.
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Commercial propane
  • Commercial butane
  • Mixed LPG (typically 50:50 or 70:30 propane : butane)
  • Autogas grade LPG
  • Odourised to destination regulation on request
Typical spec
Composition by GC · Vapour pressure at 37.8 °C · Total sulphur ≤ 50 ppm · Copper corrosion 1a · Residue and water content within GPA 2140 / EN 589 limits.
Packing & delivery
Pressurised / semi-refrigerated LPG carriers 1,000 – 20,000 MT · ISO tank containers (T50) · Road tankers for regional supply.
Key markets
East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Uganda via Mombasa / Dar es Salaam), Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Yemen.
Terms
FOB Gulf loadports · CFR / CIF destination · Pricing against Saudi Aramco CP or Platts.
Industry use
Household cooking and heating (cylinders 3–48 kg) · Commercial catering and hotels · Autogas for vehicles · Industrial furnaces, glass, ceramics and food processing · Crop drying and poultry brooding · Aerosol propellant · Petrochemical feedstock for ethylene / propylene crackers.
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Petrochemicals

A growing portfolio of aromatics, solvents, glycols and methanol sourced from Gulf and Asian producers for paint, adhesive, textile, pharmaceutical and chemical manufacturers.

Chemistry & industrial useTypical values — for reference
Formula
Benzene C6H6 · Toluene C7H8 · Xylene C8H10 · Methanol CH3OH · MEG C2H6O2 · IPA C3H8O · Acetone C3H6O · MEK C4H8O
Composition
Aromatics (BTX) are recovered from catalytic reforming of naphtha and from pyrolysis gasoline — six-carbon rings with delocalised electrons that make them the building blocks for styrene, phenol, polyester (via paraxylene → PTA) and nylon. Glycols: ethylene is oxidised to ethylene oxide and hydrated to mono-ethylene glycol; DEG and TEG are co-products. Methanol is synthesised from natural-gas-derived syngas (CO + 2 H2) over a Cu/ZnO catalyst. Ketones and alcohols come from propylene hydration (IPA) and cumene / dehydrogenation routes (acetone, MEK).
Key properties
Benzene bp 80 °C, density 0.88 · Toluene bp 111 °C · Mixed xylene bp 138–144 °C · Methanol bp 65 °C, miscible with water · MEG bp 197 °C, freezing-point depressant, hygroscopic · IPA bp 82 °C · Acetone bp 56 °C, strong solvent · MEK bp 80 °C. All are flammable liquids handled under IMDG Class 3 rules.
Reaction / process
CO + 2 H2 → CH3OH (methanol synthesis)  |  C2H4 + ½ O2 → C2H4O → + H2O → HOCH2CH2OH (MEG)  |  C8H10 (paraxylene) + 3 O2 → C8H6O4 (terephthalic acid) + 2 H2O — the polyester route.
Grades & specificationsIndicative — full COQ / COA with every cargo
Grades
  • Aromatics: benzene, toluene, mixed xylene, paraxylene
  • Glycols: MEG (fibre / antifreeze grade), DEG, TEG
  • Alcohols and ketones: methanol, IPA, n-butanol, acetone, MEK
  • Sulphur (granular / lump) and urea (industrial grade)
  • Caustic soda flakes and soda ash on request
Typical spec
Purity, water, colour (APHA) and specific gravity per grade to ASTM / producer specification. Producer Certificate of Analysis for every lot.
Packing & delivery
Bulk by chemical tanker · ISO tank containers · Flexitanks (non-hazardous liquids) · 200 l drums and IBCs · Solids in 50 kg bags or jumbo bags.
Key markets
GCC, Egypt, Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria, India, Bangladesh, Vietnam.
Terms
FOB Jebel Ali / Hamriyah · CFR / CIF · Containers (FCL / ISO tanks) and bulk parcels.
Industry use
Paints, coatings, inks and adhesives (toluene, xylene, MEK, acetone) · Polyester fibre and PET bottles, antifreeze and coolants (MEG) · Formaldehyde, MTBE, acetic acid and biodiesel (methanol) · Pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and sanitisers (IPA) · Styrene, phenol and nylon intermediates (benzene) · Fertiliser and sulphuric acid (urea, sulphur) · Soap, textiles, alumina (caustic soda).
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